|
|
| Polonium | |
| Electron Configuration | 2,8,18,32,18,6 |
| Electron Configuration | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4 |
| Ground state | 3P2 |
| Atomic Volume | 22.23 g/cm3 |
| Electronegativity | 2.0 |
| Magnetic ordering | Non-magnetic |
 Thermal Properties |
|
| Enthalpy of Atomization | 134 kJ mol-1 @25°C |
| Enthalpy of Fusion | 10 kJ mol-1 |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation | 100.8 kJ mol-1 |
| Heat Capacity | 26.4 J mol-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Conductivity | 20 W m-1 K-1 |
| Thermal Expansion | 23.5 μm m-1 K-1 |
| Electrical Properties |
|
| Electrical resistivity | 4.3 x 10-7 Ω m |
| Electrical conductivity | No data. |
| Chemical Properties |
|
| Electrochemical Equivalent | 3.8986 g Ah-1 |
| Valence Electron Potential (-eV) | -12.5 |
| Ionization Potential | |
 First
|
8.42 |
| Energy Levels |
|
| Kα1 (intensity 100) |
79.29 KeV |
| Kα2 (intensity 50) |
76.862 KeV |
| Kβ1 (intensity 0) |
89.8 KeV |
| Lα1 (intensity 100) |
11.1308 KeV |
| Lα2 (intensity 10) |
11.0158 KeV |
| Lβ1 (intensity 38) |
13.447 KeV |
| Lβ2 (intensity 14) |
13.3404 KeV |
| Lβ3 (intensity 2) |
13.6319 KeV |
| Lβ4 (intensity 2) |
13.082 KeV |
| Lγ1 (intensity 8) |
15.744 KeV |
| Lγ2 (intensity 2.7) |
16.0702 KeV |
| Lγ3 (intensity 2) |
12.085 KeV |
| Ll (intensity 6) |
9.6574 KeV |
| Atomic Radii |
|
| Empirical
|
190 pm |
| Bohr Radius
|
135 pm |
| Covalent Radius
|
No data. |
| Van der Waals
|
No data. |
| Triple covalent
|
129 pm |
| Metallic
|
No data. |
| Ionic Radii (Å) |
||||
| Charge | Coordination | Crystal | Ionic | Key |
| 4 | VI | 1.08 | 0.94 | R |
| VIII | 1.22 | 1.08 | R | |
| 6 | VI | 0.81 | 0.67 | A |
| R, From r3 vs V plots. |
| C, Calculated from bond length - bond strength equations. |
| E, Estimated. |
| *, Most Reliable. |
| M, From Metallic Oxides. |
| A, Ahrens (1952) Ionic radius. |
| P, Pauling's (1960) Crystal Radius. |
| Oxidation States |
|
| Main
|
Po+4 |
| Other
|
Po-2, Po+2, Po+6 |
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1)  |
|
| M - M+ |
812 |
| M+ - M2+ |
1800 |
| M2+ - M3+ |
2700 |
| M3+ - M4+ |
3700 |
| M4+ - M5+ |
5900 |
| M5+ - M6+ |
7000 |
| M6+ - M7+ |
10800 |
| M7+ - M8+ |
12700 |
| M8+ - M9+ |
14900 |
| M9+ - M10+ |
17000 |
| Vapour Pressure |
||||||
| P (Pa) | 1 | 10 | 100 | 1K | 10K | 100K |
| T (K) | (846) | 1003 | 1236 | |||
| Crystal Structure |
|
| Structure
|
Cubic |
 |
a = 335.9 pm |
| b = 335.9 pm | |
| c = 335.9 pm | |
| α = 90° | |
| β = 90° | |
| γ = 90° | |